Factors Influencing Medication Adherence In Elderly with Hypertension: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Background: Hypertension significantly impacts cardiovascular health globally, with a prevalence of 25.8% among adults in Indonesia, and 65.66% among those aged 55 and above. Managing hypertension in the elderly is challenging due to poor medication adherence influenced by various factors. Objectives: This study aims to identify factors affecting medication adherence in elderly hypertensive patients, explore barriers to adherence, and propose strategies to improve compliance. Methods: A scoping review using the PRISMA-ScR framework was conducted, analyzing literature from PubMed and Wiley databases published between 2018 and 2023. The review involved defining research questions, identifying relevant literature, selecting studies based on inclusion criteria, charting data, and summarizing results. Results: Key factors influencing medication adherence include demographic aspects like age and education, family support, and healthcare provider roles. Knowledge about hypertension and its treatment also plays a crucial role. Barriers include physical discomfort from medication side effects, misunderstanding medication instructions, and limited healthcare access. Strategies to improve adherence involve health education programs, social support initiatives, and better patient-provider communication. Conclusions: The study underscores the complexity of medication adherence in elderly hypertensive patients, highlighting the need for comprehensive approaches addressing both individual and systemic factors. Future research should focus on d eveloping targeted interventions to support effective hypertension management in the elderly