FACTORS INHIBITING THE WOUND HEALING PROCESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS : A SCOPING REVIEW

Abstrak

Backgrounds; The number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise. One of the most common complications of this condition is diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Delayed management of DFU can lead to more severe wounds. Various factors pose a high risk for the development of chronic wounds, amputation, or even death. Objectives; To identify the factors that inhibit the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. Methods; A scoping review of research and literature (2013-2022) was conducted using scoping review frameworks and following the five-stage framework described by Arksey and O'Malley. The review was reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR extension. Two databases were searched for research literature, followed by a manual search of reference lists of relevant topics. Inclusion criteria included articles focused on diabetic foot ulcers and articles on factors inhibiting wound healing. Results; The search identified a total of 537 articles from PubMed, which were filtered down to a total of 40 articles. The search from Scopus yielded a total of 28 articles, which were filtered down to a total of 51 articles. Further abstract and full-text screening, along with filtering for the last 10 years, resulted in a final selection of 14 articles. Conclusions; Factors inhibiting wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers include: Increased overall body protein metabolic demand, Negative nitrogen balance, Inadequate increased energy intake, High infection rates, High financial costs, Delayed wound care, Inappropriate antibiotic therapy, Peripheral vascular disease, Neuropathy, Advanced age, Malnutrition, Kidney disease, Improper footwear, Poor clinical management, Chronic inflammation, Poor blood sugar control, Elevated levels of destructive proteases, Long-standing diabetes, Abnormal foot structure, Smoking habits, History of ulcers or previous amputations.