Author Guidelines

Article Title (Times New Roman, Font Size 16, Bold, Centreed)

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First Author(,) (1*), Second Author(2), Third Author(3) (Font 12)

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1*. Affiliation, Address, City, Indonesia, Postcode (Font 10)

  1. Affiliation, Address, City, Indonesia, Postcode (Font 10)
  2. Affiliate, Address, City, Indonesia, Postcode (Font 10) 3.

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*e-mail: [email protected] (10 pt)

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Abstract (Font 12, Bold)

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Abstracts are written using the Indonesian language. Using an unstructured one-paragraph abstract type, 10 pt font, single-spaced, right-left aligned, the number of words does not exceed 250 words, no citations and acronyms. The abstract should contain an introduction or analysis of the situation including the objectives of the community service, if possible make it in one sentence. The implementation method used. Write one or two sentences to discuss the results and conclusions. Recommendations and implications   of the service results are clearly written.

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Keywords: Keywords are written using the Indonesian language. They contain a maximum of six words or phrases and are sorted alphabetically. Key words are connected by commas.

(Three spaces, Font 10)

 

 

Introduction (Font 12, Bold)

The manuscript is written in Times New Roman font size 10, single-spaced, left and right aligned, single-sided pages, made in one column with A4 paper (210 mm x 297 mm) with top margin 3 cm, bottom 2.5 cm, left and right 2 cm each. The manuscript including table and figure contents should be 6 to 8 pages (4000-5000 words), preferably in an even number of pages. If it far exceeds the specified length, it is recommended to break it into two separate manuscripts. EYD Standard Indonesian Grammar (blank spaces between paragraphs, single spacing, no indentation).

The title should contain the main keywords and not use abbreviations, with a total of about 15 words. It is also desirable for authors to write a short title to be written as a header page on each page of the journal. Authors should not simply write words such as /relationship/influence in the title, as the title should indicate the results of the study, for example, "Blood sugar reduction through diabetes exercise in the elderly".

Name, affiliation and address of the author: the author's full name (without academic degree) is placed below the title of the manuscript. The order of authors is based on their contribution to the writing process. After the author's name is a superscript number to indicate the author's affiliation. One author can have more than one affiliation, for example Wa Mina La Isa1, Amriati Mutmaninna2, Rusni(3). Give the number according to the author's name, for example 1. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hasanuddin University, Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan, Makassar, Indonesia, 90245. Correspondence address is the email address of the author to whom the correspondence is addressed, e.g. [email protected].

The use of abbreviations is permitted, but abbreviations must be written out in full when mentioned for the first time and must be written between brackets. Foreign terms or regional words should be italicised. Notations should be concise and clear and written in accordance with standard writing styles. Symbols/signs should be clear and distinguishable, such as the use of the number 1 and the letter I (also the number 0 and the letter O). Avoid using parentheses to clarify or explain definitions. The structure of the manuscript consists of Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion and References. Acknowledgements (if any) are written after Conclusions and before References and are narrative, not numbered.

This manuscript uses the American Psychological Association (APA) style manual for reference citations. When using APA format, follow the in-text citation method written by the author. This means that the author's surname and year of publication for the source should appear in the text, for example, (wilhim, 1998) and the full reference will appear in the reference list at the end of the manuscript. The citation can be placed at the beginning of the sentence, e.g. Jaya Budi (2005) states that or the source can be placed at the end of the sentence, e.g. ... (Tika, 2004).

 The introduction contains justification about the importance of the community service carried out. The novelty resulting from this community service. Complete with the main references used. State in one sentence questions or situation analyses that need to be answered by all community service activities. Indicate the methods used. The introduction should not exceed 1000 words.

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Methods (Font 12, Bold)

The contents of the study method are data collection techniques, data sources, data analysis methods, correlation tests, and so on, written in Times New Roman 11 font. In this chapter, scientific formulas used for data analysis/correlation tests can also be included and without footnotes. This section explains the methods used in community service activities that contain the core activity programme, programme needs analysis, and the model or approach used in running the programme.

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Results (Font 12, Bold)

The main discussion contains the results and discussion, written in Times New Roman 11 font. The results are not raw data, but data that has been processed/analysed with the established method. The discussion is a comparison of the results obtained with the concepts/theories in the literature review. The contents of the results and discussion include statements, tables, figures, diagrams, graphs, sketches, and so on. (without Footnote) This section contains the main sub-discussion written in Times New Roman 10 font. The sub-discussion is written systematically. It is expected that the numbering in the sub-discussion should not be written too much.

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Table 1. Frequency distribution of characteristics of community service participants

No

Respondent Characteristics

n

%

1

Gender

 

 

Female

37

88.1

Male

5

11.9

2

Education level

 

 

PRIMARY SCHOOL

8

19.1

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

9

21.4

HIGH SCHOOL

15

35.7

PT

10

23.8

3

Occupation

 

 

CIVIL SERVANT

7

16.7

Self-employed

8

19.0

HOUSEWIFE

7

16.7

Retired

20

47.6

Total

42

100.0

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(Table explanation) Table 1. Shows that the distribution of participants in this community service activity is more dominant based on gender, namely female by 88.1%, the last level of education is high school by 35.7%, and work as a retiree by 47.6%.

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Participant Response (Font 12, Bold)

This section describes the participants' responses to each programme implemented.

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Activity outputs (Font 12, Bold)

Discussion of the service and dissemination outcomes obtained is presented in the form of a theoretical description, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Pictures of the results of the implementation of the service should be displayed. Experimental results are also displayed in the form of graphs or tables. For graphics, you can follow the format for diagrams and images.

Figure 1 Documentation of health promotion activities

 

Figure 2 Graph of pre and post test values of health promotion

(Example of theoretical explanation of the outcomes achieved)

The results of community service show that there is an increase in diabetes health literacy after being given structured education and assistance as evidenced by the difference in the average GDS of DM patients before and after the education and assistance programme to strengthen their health literacy. This means that this training can increase the knowledge of service participants in diabetes mellitus management so that it can change the behaviour of people with DM in controlling their disease. The purpose of this programme is so that people with DM can carry out DM disease management properly and control their blood sugar levels to remain normal so that their diabetes remains under control. Blood sugar level is the amount or concentration of glucose contained in the blood. Patients with DM who cannot produce enough insulin will cause an increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood, so that good and optimal control of blood sugar levels can prevent chronic complications (WHO, 2015).

It is very important to always give reinforcement to diabetics so that their health literacy increases. Health literacy varies greatly in each individual, based on literature studies, the variability of health literacy levels exists in various dimensions, including differences in health literacy levels between men and women, the elderly (over 55 years) have lower health literacy than those below them, patients with Type II DM have a higher level of health literacy than Type I DM patients, the higher the level of education, the higher the level of health literacy, there is no difference in the level of health literacy between the white race and the black race, the higher the level of income, the higher the level of health literacy, the high level of health literacy is mostly owned by respondents who have suffered for <10 years, and people with a high BMI. 10 years, and people with body mass index exceeding normal (BMI ≥ 25) have a low level of health literacy.

One of the good efforts to manage DM so that it does not lead to complications is prevention by making changes in lifestyle and diet. Lifestyle can improve body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure and blood glucose of patients with DM. A healthy lifestyle has more effect on reducing blood glucose because there is a change in the pattern of food and beverage selection from high glycaemic index to low glycaemic index, although there is no difference in the number of calories per day (Pusthika, Tjahjono, & Nuggetsiana, 2011).

Setyawati, Pusthika, and Octa (2015) explained that lifestyle counselling and diet modification improved blood sugar control in the intervention group when compared to the control group (p=0.002), but not BMI, LP, systolic, diastolic, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL. A positive effect over time was found in the pre- and post-treatment intervention groups. The American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2010) suggests that diabetes management planning should be discussed as an individualised therapy between patients and their families and patients should receive coordinated medical care and integration from the health team, so that families realise the importance of participation in the care of patients with diabetes mellitus so that the patient's blood sugar levels can be well controlled.

People with DM are less aware of the benefits of having well-controlled blood sugar levels. Intensive control for diabetics through medical nutrition therapy, exercise and medication is very necessary so that blood sugar is well controlled so that it can prevent or delay the occurrence of disease complications. Doctors with a team of nurses and nutritionists must be able to motivate patients and work together in tackling diabetes (Mihardja, 2009). According to Soegondo (2009), there are 7 goals of DM control, namely: relieving symptoms, creating and maintaining a sense of health, improving quality of life, preventing acute and chronic complications, reducing the rate of progression of existing complications, reducing mortality and treating comorbidities if any. To know that blood sugar levels are controlled, of course, cannot depend on the disappearance of symptoms.

Through programmatic activities in diabetes control management in at-risk groups, it is possible to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the population due to diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is highly recommended that programmatic efforts in diabetes management be implemented continuously.

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Conclusion (Font 12, Bold)

The content of the conclusion is written in Times New Roman 10. The conclusion is an overview of the research that has been carried out. The conclusion is not a summary of the results of the discussion that refers to a particular theory, but the results of the analysis/correlation test of the data discussed.

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Recommendations (Font 12, Bold)

This section contains plans for further development of the service programme.

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Acknowledgements (Font 12, Bold)

Suggestions and acknowledgements are optional (if any), written in one paragraph with Times New Roman 10 font.

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Bibliography (Font 12, Bold)

The contents of the bibliography are written in Times New Roman 10 font and written 1 space. The bibliography is a reference source that is used as a citation for writing the manuscript. Writing a bibliography uses the rules of the American Psychological Association (APA) Style. The number of reference sources used as a bibliography of scientific literature (80% primary references and 20% secondary references). Primary reference sources, such as: journals, research reports, and proceedings papers. (Dharmakarya journal citation of at least 2 citations). Secondary reference sources, such as: books, theses, theses, dissertations, and internet sources. We recommend writing citations using the Mendeley reference manager application.

 

Example of Bibliography Writing

 

Bailey, S. C., Brega, A. G., Crutchfield, T. M., Elasy, T., Herr, H., Kaphingst, K., ... Schillinger, D. (2014). Update on Health Literacy and Diabetes. The Diabetes Educator, 40(5), 581- 604. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721714540220

Comings J, Reder S, Sum A. (2001) Building a level playing field: the need to expand and improve the national and state adult education and literacy systems. Cambridge: National centre for the study of adult learning and literacy.

Hussein, S. F., Almajran, A., & Albatineh, A. N. (2018). Prevalence of health literacy and its correlates among patients with type II diabetes in Kuwait: a population based study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.04.033

Jayasinghe, U. W., Harris, M. F., Parker, S. M., Litt, J., van Driel, M., Mazza, D., ... Wilson, J. (2016). The impact of health literacy and life style risk factors on health-related quality of life of Australian patients. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 14(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-016-0471-1\

Johnson, M (1998). Diabetes Therapy and Prevention. Bandung: Indonesia Publishing House.

Kutner, M., Greenberg, E., Jin, Y., &Paulsen, C. (2006). The health literacy of America's adults:  Results from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Centre for Education Statistics (NCES) Publication No. 2006-483.

Mihardja. (2009). Factors Associated with Blood Sugar Control in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Urban Indonesia. Maj Kedokt Indon, 59(9), 418-424.

Moore, M. C. (1997). Handbook of Dietary Therapy and Nutrition. Jakarta: Hippocrates Publishers.

Paasche-Orlow, M. K., Schillinger, D., Greene, S. M., & Wagner, E. H. (2006). How health care systems can begin to address the challenge of limited literacy. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 21(8), 884-887. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00544.x

Pusthika, I. O., Tjahjono, K., & Nuggetsiana, A. (2011). Effect of Frequency of Nutrition Counselling and Lifestyle on Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Blood Pressure, and Blood Glucose in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Faculty of Medicine.  

Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalised expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological monographs: General and applied, 80(1),

Powell, C. K., Hill, E. G., & Clancy, D. E. (2007). The relationship between health literacy and diabetes knowledge and readiness to take health actions. Diabetes Educator, 33(1), 144- 151. https://doi.org/10.1177/014572170629745

Saha, S. (2006). Improving literacy as a means to reduce health disparities, 97239, 893-895. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00546.x

Schillinger D, Grumbach K, Piette J, et al. Association of health literacy with diabetes outcomes. JAMA. 2002;288:475-482.Squellati, R., (2010) Health literacy: understanding basic health information. Creat Nurse,  16(3): p. 110-4.